Dose in an uncertain location.

Before relating tissue to radiation response, estimate the dose associated with it and the uncertainty in that assignment.

A small shift can change the assigned dose.

In high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, dose can change sharply over a few millimetres. A small change in assumed biopsy position can therefore change the dose assigned to its tissue.

A dose distribution at each position.

Map 10,000 plausible shifts to the dose field. Compare the unshifted assignment with the simulated median and the spread across possible locations.

A nominal and median axial dose profile with uncertainty bands and three example shifted trajectories.

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A nominal and median axial dose profile with uncertainty bands and three example shifted trajectories.

Steeper gradients make position matter more.

The core in the steeper dose gradient had a median absolute dose change of 6.85 Gy under simulated shifts, compared with 0.93 Gy in the flatter region.

Study scope. Two selected cores illustrate the effect; they do not establish a cohort-wide difference.

High- and low-gradient cores compared by absolute dose perturbation along their lengths.

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High- and low-gradient cores compared by absolute dose perturbation along their lengths.

How quickly does dose change along the core?

These two examples show that dose differences depend on separation along the core. That motivates testing spatial relationships across the larger JACMP cohort and modelling them explicitly with GPR.

Interpretation. The cores have different spatial patterns. These preliminary descriptors do not define a universal segment length.

Absolute dose differences against separation along two biopsy cores.

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Absolute dose differences against separation along two biopsy cores.

Find similar or contrasting dose regions.

Compare specific positions to identify regions with similar average dose or a deliberate dose contrast, providing a basis for selecting tissue for downstream assays.

Requirement. Matching these regions to assays depends on preserved specimen orientation and integrity.

Biopsy A voxel-pair contrast map with separate dose and gradient color scales.

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Biopsy A voxel-pair contrast map with separate dose and gradient color scales.

From dose mapping to assessment and prediction.

QA tests whether dose criteria hold across plausible positions. Spatial modelling uses neighbouring positions to reconstruct and predict the dose profile. Both build on this dose-mapping foundation.

Interpretation. Mapped planned dose is not an independent measurement of dose delivered to tissue.

Study resources

Physics in Medicine & Biology · 2026 · Published

Dosimetric analysis along core-needle biopsies in prostate HDR brachytherapy

M. Muscat, J. Crook, A. Jirasek, J. Andrews, N. BeckerDOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ae9823

Research software

BiopsyContext localization and along-core dose mapping.

Historical study releases. Exact version coverage of the final paper has not been verified.

The current BiopsyContext platform is developed privately, separate from these public research archives.